Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreA complaint was filed in March 2026 that a 17-year-old girl had gone missing. Police later traced her to the applicant's native place in Uttar Pradesh, but the applicant himself could not be found there. The applicant had been in custody since April 2026, and a chargesheet had been filed. The victim's later statements, recorded under the BNSS, said she had gone willingly and was in a relationship with the applicant.
The applicant argued that the two were in a relationship and that he was about 18 when the incident happened. The Public Prosecutor had no serious objection to bail, and the complainant did not oppose it. The Court noted the victim's statements that she was not coerced and had gone with the applicant of her own accord, and it stated that although a minor's consent has no legal bearing, the fact of a consensual relationship should still be taken into account when deciding bail. The Court held that keeping the applicant in custody despite those statements would not be appropriate, and it granted regular bail on a personal bond of Rs. 15,000 with one surety, subject to conditions including reporting to the police station every Monday.
Under the POCSO Act, a minor's consent does not make the offence lawful, but courts still weigh the surrounding circumstances when deciding whether to grant bail. Bail in such cases still comes with strict reporting and reappearance conditions.
