Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellant company challenged a High Court order granting bail to the first respondent, who had been in custody since November 2017 in connection with an alleged embezzlement of Rs. 2.78 crores, with proceeds allegedly funnelled through relatives who remained absconding as co-accused. The High Court had released the respondent on bail on deposit of Rs. 50 lakhs, a figure based on an earlier, lower estimate of the fraud amount.
The Supreme Court heard both sides: the appellant and the State argued the bail conditions were too lenient given the true scale of the fraud (over Rs. 2.75 crores), while the respondent's counsel pointed out that the investigation was complete, documentary evidence had already been seized, and there was little risk of evidence-tampering or witness influence. The Court agreed that the original Rs. 50 lakh condition was insufficient given the actual size of the fraud, and disposed of the appeal by directing the respondent to furnish an additional Rs. 75 lakhs security (on top of the existing Rs. 50 lakhs), surrender his passport to the trial court, and report weekly to the jurisdictional police station, with all other High Court conditions remaining in force.
An appellate court reviewing a bail order will not necessarily cancel bail outright even where the scale of an alleged fraud turns out to be larger than first assessed: it can instead tighten the financial security and movement-restriction conditions to match the true gravity of the allegations while still allowing release.
