Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreA chartered accountant, Gurvinder Singh, was the subject of a 2005 complaint over the sale of 100 shares that had been transferred into his own name. Even though the complainant and the accountant later settled the matter privately, the Institute's Disciplinary Committee went ahead and found him guilty of "Other Misconduct" and recommended his removal from the rolls for six months. The Madras High Court, however, held that since he was acting in a purely personal/commercial capacity and not as a chartered accountant, no professional misconduct arose, and it imposed no penalty.
The Supreme Court held that the High Court had misread Section 21(3) of the Chartered Accountants Act, 1949 and Schedule I, Part IV. Under that Schedule, a member can be held guilty of "other misconduct" even for conduct unrelated to his professional work, if the Council opines that it brings disrepute to the profession. Since the Disciplinary Committee was entitled on the facts to find disrepute even though the accountant was not acting in his professional capacity, the High Court's reasoning was incorrect. The Court set aside the High Court's judgment and remanded the matter back to the High Court to be decided afresh, leaving all contentions open to both sides.
Professional misconduct for a chartered accountant (or similarly regulated professional) is not limited to acts performed while actually practising the profession: personal conduct that brings disrepute to the profession can also attract disciplinary action.
