Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreA company bought agricultural land for industry but did not start the required industrial activity. Instead of resuming the land through the statutory process, Gujarat authorities permitted its direct sale to another company following ministerial directions. A public-interest challenge alleged that the procedure bypassed the Collector's duties and harmed the public exchequer.
The Supreme Court partly allowed the appeal, set aside the High Court's dismissal and declared the government permission and direct sale unlawful. The statute assigned the relevant decision to the Collector, and a minister could not bypass the required process or justify the order later with new reasons. The land was held to vest in the State, with the Rs. 1.20 crore already received by the original purchaser treated as compensation. As tailored relief, the Court allowed the new company to obtain a State allotment if it paid an additional Rs. 3.15 crore within three months, accounting for its investment and government commitments. Otherwise the State was to take further disposal steps, and industrial activity could not proceed before payment.
Political approval does not dispense with statutory safeguards for changing agricultural land use. A person investing in a project should verify that permission comes from the proper authority through the required procedure, even when the government supports the development.
