Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThis public interest writ petition, pending for roughly eleven years, raised three issues for persons with disabilities in educational institutions: non-implementation of the statutory reservation of seats, lack of physical accessibility (particularly for orthopaedically disabled students), and inadequate teaching arrangements/pedagogy suited to different disabilities. Though originally confined to law colleges, the Court extended its scope to all educational institutions given the importance of the issues.
The Court held that all government educational institutions and government-aided institutions of higher education must comply with the reservation mandated by Section 32 of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 (which raised the earlier 3% reservation under the 1995 Act to a minimum of 5%). It directed that law colleges specifically report compliance to the Bar Council of India, while other institutions report annually to the UGC, with both bodies empowered to inspect for compliance. On accessibility and pedagogy, the Court directed the UGC to constitute an expert committee, drawing on advisory boards and disability commissioners, to study the feasibility of the petitioner's proposed accessibility guidelines and recommend implementation, funding, and monitoring mechanisms, to be completed by 30 June 2018, with a compliance/action-taken report to be filed before the Court by July 2018. The writ petitions were disposed of on these terms.
Reservation and accessibility obligations toward persons with disabilities in educational institutions are legally binding requirements, not discretionary goodwill gestures, and courts can build in ongoing institutional reporting and inspection mechanisms (through bodies like the UGC and Bar Council) to make such rights enforceable in practice, not just on paper.
