Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellant, a teacher, had a long-pending dispute with the respondent educational Society arising from disciplinary proceedings initiated against him, which led to his termination from service in 2007. During the pendency of the appeal, the Court had earlier directed mediation, and a Regional Joint Director of the state's Collegiate Education Department was also called to account for non-compliance with an earlier court order.
Mediation at the Bangalore Mediation Centre resulted in a settlement: the Management agreed to reinstate the appellant without back-wages, subject to reasonable compensation, and he was in fact reinstated and later appointed Head of Department. The only surviving dispute was over salary/compensation and increments for the period he was out of service (2007 to March 2018). The Court ordered that the appellant be treated as in continuous service for all purposes from his 2007 termination (for fixing increments and pay), but without actual back-wages for the period before his 2018 reinstatement; the Government, Directorate and Management were directed to fix his increments within one month and disburse resulting monetary benefits within a further month. The appeals were disposed of accordingly, with no order as to costs.
Even in long-running service disputes, court-referred mediation can produce a practical middle path, reinstatement plus prospective pay/seniority correction without full retrospective back-wages, that the Supreme Court will readily convert into a binding, time-bound order.
