Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreGirish Jaggal filed a writ petition challenging recovery steps taken against him under the SARFAESI Act by a cooperative bank, partly questioning whether the Act's recovery mechanism could even be invoked against a cooperative bank's dues. The Court found he had no funds to deposit toward the debt, and he had four properties (under Schedule "B") that could be sold to clear the liability, with one already sold. The bank said no buyer would risk purchasing the remaining properties while litigation was pending.
The Supreme Court disposed of the writ petition by directing an equitable, sequential approach: the bank must first attempt to sell the first two of the remaining Schedule "B" properties, and only proceed against the fourth item if the debt is still not cleared, with a clear requirement to first give the petitioner notice and a chance to pay off the remaining balance himself before any sale of that last property. The Court also barred the petitioner from filing further litigation over the sale procedure without the Court's own permission, given that the pending litigation itself was scaring off buyers.
When a secured-debt dispute is dragging on and deterring genuine buyers at auction, courts can step in to set a fair, staged order of asset sales (least essential assets first) rather than letting the recovery process stall indefinitely, but a debtor given this relief may also be restrained from filing further court challenges to the sale process itself.
