Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThese connected appeals, filed by the Government of NCT of Delhi, arose out of land acquisition disputes where the acquisition proceedings had effectively lapsed, with the Delhi Development Authority's own parallel appeals on the identical point already having been dismissed by the Supreme Court. The appellants sought to preserve their position despite the lapse so they could pursue fresh acquisition proceedings for the same land.
The Court held that the issue was already settled against the appellants by its own earlier rulings in two other civil appeals (Civil Appeal No. 8477 of 2016 and Civil Appeal No. 5811 of 2015), where the requisitioning authority's (Delhi Development Authority's) appeals on the same point had already been dismissed. Applying that precedent, the Court dismissed all of these connected appeals as well. However, as a balancing measure, it gave the appellants (government authorities) one year from the date of the order to initiate fresh acquisition proceedings afresh under Section 24(2) of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013, and directed that if no fresh notification is issued within that year, physical possession of the land (where the authorities are in possession) must be returned to the original landowners.
When land acquisition proceedings lapse under the 2013 land acquisition law, the acquiring authority does not automatically lose all rights over the land forever: courts can give a defined window (here, one year) to start the acquisition process over, but if that window is missed, possession must revert to the landowner.
