Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellants had been chargesheeted (Charge Sheet No. 1 dated 07.05.2016) under Sections 420, 406 and 504 IPC in a case pending before the Judicial Magistrate, Khair, Aligarh. They applied to the Allahabad High Court under Section 482 CrPC to quash the proceedings, but a Single Judge dismissed the application by an order dated 10.09.2018. The appellants then appealed to the Supreme Court, arguing that the High Court's order gave no real reasoning tied to the actual facts of their case.
The Supreme Court found that the High Court's order merely recited general legal principles on the scope of Section 482 CrPC from various precedents without ever setting out the actual facts of the case, such as the nature of the complaint/FIR, who filed it, or the specific grounds raised by the appellants, and without explaining why those grounds failed. The Court held this was legally insufficient, since every order disposing of such an application must engage with the facts and give reasons so that a higher court can assess whether the decision is sustainable. It therefore allowed the appeal, set aside the High Court's order, and remanded the Section 482 application back to the High Court (Single Judge) for fresh decision on merits after notice to the respondents, expressly declining to examine the underlying merits itself.
A court order rejecting a plea to quash criminal proceedings cannot simply quote legal principles in the abstract: it must engage with the specific facts of the case and explain the reasoning for its conclusion, otherwise the order itself is liable to be set aside on that ground alone.
