Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe Lal Shah Baba Dargah Trust sued before a single-member Waqf Tribunal in Aurangabad, Maharashtra, claiming that a plot in Mumbai was waqf property and obtaining an interim injunction against a developer's construction. The developers challenged the Tribunal's jurisdiction, arguing that the 2013 amendment to the Waqf Act required a three-member Tribunal, and the Bombay High Court held that the suit had to go to a civil court while leaving the interim injunction in place.
The Supreme Court set aside the High Court's order and held that the 2013 amendment, which replaced the one-member Tribunal provision with a three-member one, did not impliedly repeal the earlier provision. Relying on the settled presumption against implied repeal, the Court held that the old Tribunal must keep functioning until the State actually notifies a three-member Tribunal, and that civil courts cannot step in to take over waqf disputes in the meantime. The Court found that the High Court had erred in law on this point. It also dismissed the developers' appeal against the interim order, so the injunction continues. Finally, it directed all States to notify three-member Tribunals within four months.
A new law that changes how a court or tribunal is structured does not automatically wipe out the existing one, and courts will avoid leaving a gap in which no forum can decide a dispute. For anyone with a property dispute, the forum where a case was filed matters, so it is worth checking which body has jurisdiction at the time of filing.
