Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreA medical college in Chhattisgarh had been granted only conditional permission to admit MBBS students, subject to removing infrastructure and faculty deficiencies found at inspection. Repeated inspections in 2016 and 2017 found serious, continuing deficiencies, including a shortage of qualified faculty and residents, low genuine bed occupancy, and patients who appeared to have been brought in from old-age homes simply to inflate numbers, leading the Medical Council of India (MCI) and the central government to refuse renewal of permission for the college's third batch of MBBS admissions. The college successfully challenged this refusal before the Delhi High Court, which directed MCI to allow a fresh compliance inspection; MCI then appealed to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court held that under Regulation 8(3)(1)(a) of the Establishment of Medical College Regulations, 1999, once a college's deficiencies exceed the prescribed thresholds (more than 30% faculty/resident shortage, or bed occupancy below 50%), the college is not entitled to a further opportunity to fix the deficiencies for that academic year: compliance verification is simply barred by the regulation. It found that the college's deficiencies (21% faculty shortage, 24.48% resident shortage, only 33% genuine bed occupancy) clearly crossed this threshold, and that the High Court had misread an earlier Supreme Court order as requiring a fresh compliance opportunity regardless of how severe the deficiencies were. The Court therefore set aside the High Court's judgment and restored the government's refusal to renew permission for the academic year in question.
Medical colleges with serious, documented deficiencies in faculty, patients, or infrastructure are not automatically entitled to a "second chance" to fix problems before an admission cycle: regulations setting hard thresholds for patient safety and educational quality are enforced strictly, and courts will not read vague general directions as overriding specific regulatory safeguards.
