Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreVedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences sought renewal of permission to admit a second batch of MBBS students, but an inspection by the Medical Council of India (MCI) found large-scale deficiencies (shortage of faculty, residents, functioning wards, equipment, and more). The MCI's Executive and Oversight Committees recommended disapproving the renewal, and the Bombay High Court nonetheless directed MCI to conduct a fresh inspection, prompting MCI's appeal to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court held the High Court had misread Regulation 8(3)(1)(a) of the Establishment of Medical College Regulations, 1999, which bars any further opportunity to rectify deficiencies, including for first renewals, not just second renewals as the High Court assumed, where faculty/resident shortfall exceeds 30% or bed occupancy is below 50%. The Court also found the High Court wrongly faulted the inspection process, noting courts should not second-guess an expert body's assessment absent mala fides or jurisdictional error, and that the College's own deficiencies (84% faculty shortage, near-empty wards) were far too severe to excuse. The High Court's judgment was set aside and MCI's appeal allowed.
Courts give wide deference to expert regulatory bodies like the Medical Council of India on technical inspection findings, and a college that falls badly short of minimum standards is not automatically entitled to a second chance to fix the problems.
