Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreMission Accessibility, an organisation working for the rights of persons with disabilities, filed a writ petition seeking directions from the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to make the Civil Services Examination more accessible to visually impaired candidates. The reliefs sought included relaxing the rigid timeline for registering a scribe (a person who writes the exam on behalf of a visually impaired candidate) and permitting the use of laptops with Screen Reader Software along with accessible digital question papers, instead of forcing candidates to rely only on human scribes under strict, early deadlines.
During the proceedings, UPSC filed an affidavit indicating it had taken a policy decision to introduce Screen Reader Software for visually impaired candidates, though the modalities and timeline for rolling it out were not yet finalised. The Court held that while UPSC's progressive policy decision addressed much of the grievance, concrete implementation steps were still needed, and issued specific directions: UPSC must allow scribe-change requests up to seven days before an exam (decided within three working days); file a compliance affidavit within two months detailing its rollout plan for Screen Reader Software; coordinate with the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities and NIEPVD to set uniform standards; and the Union of India must extend administrative and technical support to ensure timely implementation. The matter was listed again for February 2026 to check compliance.
Constitutional equality for persons with disabilities requires not just favourable policy announcements but time-bound, accountable implementation. Courts will keep such matters under continuing supervision and demand compliance affidavits rather than treating a stated intention as the end of the case.
