Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellants had worked for about 23 years under the Bihar School Examination Board (earlier the Bihar Intermediate Education Council), which was abolished by a 2007 repeal law. That law required a Committee of Secretaries to prepare a scheme for absorbing or retiring the Council's old employees, and a Resolution based on that Committee's report was passed, but a separate Board committee later said the appellants lacked the 10 years' service the scheme required and refused to absorb them.
The Supreme Court found it hard to accept the Board's position, holding that once the statutory Committee had submitted its report, the State Government was bound to act on it and that no further committee was needed to second-guess that report. The Court disposed of the appeal by directing the State Government itself to take an appropriate decision strictly in light of the Repeal Act's scheme, the Committee's report and the Resolution passed on it, expressly keeping in mind that the appellants had by then worked for around 23 years, and it fixed a two-month deadline for this to be done, with no order as to costs.
Where a statute sets up a specific committee process to decide how absorbed employees should be treated, the government cannot bypass that process through an ad hoc internal committee; long years of continuous service are a factor the authorities must weigh when implementing such absorption schemes.
