Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellant was never appointed as a Multipurpose Health Assistant (Male) despite being selected through a 1999 recruitment process, because other pending litigation held up the appointments at the time. He had, however, been working on a contract basis in the same post since 2003. When his case reached the Supreme Court, it directed the State to report on whether vacancies now existed for this post in Nizamabad district.
The State's counter-affidavit confirmed that while the originally notified 1999 vacancies had all been filled, the appellant had been working on contract since 2003 and that vacancies in the post were currently available. The Supreme Court held that, in the interest of complete justice and given these specific facts, the appellant should be adjusted against one of the presently available vacancies and formally appointed within two months, while expressly clarifying that this relief was granted on the peculiar facts of this case and should not be treated as a general precedent. The High Court's judgment was set aside and the appeal allowed.
The Supreme Court can grant tailored relief to remedy a long-standing, fact-specific injustice (such as years of working on contract without regularisation after being wrongly denied an appointment) using its power to do "complete justice," without that relief becoming a binding precedent for other cases.
