Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe applicant, a woman, has been in custody since 16 July 2025 in FIR No. 0126/2025 of P.S. Civil Lines, Delhi, registered under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita. The prosecution alleges she joined a street fight in March 2025 in which a complainant was attacked with a broken blade, bricks and sticks. The defence says she was only seen holding a stick and was not shown to have injured anyone, and the State's own status report accepts she did not inflict any injury.
The Court granted regular bail. It noted that 29 prosecution witnesses were still to be examined and that the trial was unlikely to conclude soon, and it relied on the State's status report that she did not inflict injuries. Her mere presence at the scene and holding a stick were not treated as proof of participation or of a common intention to cause harm. She was released on a personal bond of Rs 25,000 with one surety, subject to conditions including appearing on every hearing date, reporting to the local police station every Monday, and not tampering with evidence or influencing witnesses.
Being present at the scene of an incident does not by itself prove participation in an offence. When a trial is slow and the accused has been in custody for a long time, courts can grant bail on conditions.
