Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreA landlady, Maya Devi, had won an eviction and arrears-of-rent order against her tenant, Nonihal Singh, from the Rent Tribunal and Rent Appellate Tribunal in Alwar, Rajasthan. The Rajasthan High Court, while deciding the tenant's writ petition, had allowed him to continue in possession until April 2019 on the consented condition that he deposit arrears of rent and ongoing mesne profits (compensation for continued use) by fixed deadlines; when he deposited the money a little late (though the funds did reach the landlady through execution proceedings and a bank deposit), the High Court refused to excuse the delay and effectively revived the eviction.
The Supreme Court examined the record and found that the tenant had, in substance, deposited the arrears of rent and the mesne profits required under the High Court's own order of 1 November 2017, albeit belatedly, and that this compliance was supported by actual payment receipts and the execution record showing "full satisfaction." The Court held that the terms recorded in the High Court's consent order of 1 November 2017 (not the older Tribunal orders) governed the parties' rights, and since substantial compliance with those terms was shown, the High Court was wrong to refuse condonation of the short delay. It set aside the High Court's two orders (15 January 2018 and 27 February 2018), allowed the appeals, and directed that the tenant be restored to possession within a week, while still requiring him to keep paying mesne profits as per the 2017 order.
Courts should look at substantial compliance with payment conditions rather than mechanically punishing a short, explained delay, especially where the money has, in fact, reached the other side; a tenant who deposits dues late but in good faith is not automatically stripped of relief already granted by consent.
