Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellant was the highest bidder at a bank-conducted auction of mortgaged property under the SARFAESI framework, depositing 25% of the bid amount immediately and the remaining 75% within 15 days of being informed the sale was confirmed. The property owner challenged the sale, and the Debts Recovery Tribunal and Appellate Tribunal, upheld by the High Court, set the sale aside on the view that the 15-day deposit period should have run from the date of the auction itself, not from the later date of confirmation, making the auction purchaser's deposit "late."
The Supreme Court undertook a close reading of Rule 9 of the Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002, and held that the Rule's own internal scheme ties the 15-day deposit deadline for the balance 75% to the date of confirmation of sale by the secured creditor, not the date of the auction: otherwise a purchaser could be penalised with forfeiture before the sale was even confirmed, an absurd result the Rules could not have intended. Since the purchaser had in fact paid within 15 days of the confirmation letter, he had fully complied with Rule 9, and the sale certificate issued to him was valid.
In SARFAESI bank-auction sales, the legal clock for a purchaser's balance payment starts from the date the sale is formally confirmed by the bank/secured creditor, not from the date of the auction itself, so purchasers should track confirmation dates carefully when calculating payment deadlines.
