Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellant and several co-appellants (their SLPs were heard together in this consolidated batch) had been granted freedom fighters' pension by the Maharashtra government, which was later withdrawn on the ground that the pension had allegedly been obtained on the basis of forged documents. The Bombay High Court (Aurangabad Bench) upheld the withdrawal, prompting these appeals to the Supreme Court. A similarly situated group of pensioners had earlier obtained relief from the Supreme Court in 2013 on near-identical facts.
The Court extended the same relief it had granted in its 2013 order to this batch of appellants, reasoning that given their advanced age and the hardship of losing even a small sustenance benefit at that stage of life, the High Court's judgment upholding withdrawal of the pension should be set aside. The Court restored the pensionary benefit but restricted it personally to the appellants (it would not pass to their legal heirs after their death), fixed token arrears, and expressly clarified that the ruling was based on the peculiar facts of the case and should not be treated as a precedent for other matters.
Courts can show flexibility and grant humanitarian relief in welfare-pension disputes involving elderly beneficiaries, but such relief may be expressly confined to the facts of that case and withheld from being cited as a general precedent.
