Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe petitioner, in custody since 2018, was Managing Director of a real-estate company (KIDL) that had floated land-allotment investment schemes across the country. After the company defaulted on its commitments to investors, 64 separate FIRs were registered against him in 10 different states for cheating, forgery, and related offences, some also invoking state-specific investor-protection laws. He sought to have all the FIRs transferred to one court, and in the alternative, at least consolidated within each state to avoid the burden and multiplicity of defending dozens of parallel prosecutions.
The Court held that a full nationwide transfer of all FIRs to one location was not maintainable, since a near-identical prayer had already been rejected in an earlier petition by the same petitioner. However, since multiplicity of proceedings for essentially the same set of transactions was not in the interest of justice, and since several states had invoked their own special depositor-protection laws that could not simply be transferred out of the state, the Court ordered that in each state, all the FIRs be merged with the earliest-registered FIR there, treating the later FIRs' contents as witness statements. It laid down detailed directions on how consolidated trials should proceed and clarified that bail already granted in the principal case would extend to the merged FIRs for the same offences.
When a person faces dozens of FIRs across different states arising from one course of conduct, courts can consolidate them within each state (though not necessarily transfer them out of state, especially where local special laws apply) to prevent the harassment and inefficiency of duplicate parallel trials.
