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Legal Case Shots

Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.

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Legal Case Shots is a searchable database of Supreme Court of India judgments, each broken down into the case type, the court's key holding, and a practical lesson learnt, with the full judgment available as a PDF for citation or deeper reading.

Service & Administrative LawSupreme Court of India

Sakshi Arha & Ors. vs. The Rajasthan High Court & Ors. (C.A. No. 3957/2023, with connected appeals)

Not available · 2023 INSC 559Decided 18 May 2023
Not available
Ajay Rastogi

Background

The Rajasthan High Court advertised 120 vacancies for Civil Judge in July 2021, with the last date for applications fixed as 31 August 2021. A batch of candidates (including Sakshi Arha, Priyanka, Kuldeep Bhatia, Sunil Singh Gurjar, Parul Jain and Jyoti Beniwal) applied and qualified in categories such as OBC-Non-Creamy-Layer, More Backward Class-NCL and Economically Weaker Section, but their category certificates were all dated after the 31 August 2021 cut-off: some issued only around the time of the interview in mid-2022. The High Court, by a notice issued in August 2022, insisted the certificates had to be valid as of the application cut-off date and rejected these candidates from their reserved categories (they also failed to make the cut-off in the open/general category). Their writ petitions before the Rajasthan High Court were dismissed, leading to these appeals to the Supreme Court.

Decision Breakdown

Justice Rastogi held that requiring the certificate itself to pre-date the application cut-off was too rigid given there was no specific rule fixing that date for certificate validity, and, invoking Article 142 to do "complete justice", directed that the appellants be considered for appointment against future vacancies once found suitable, since they had otherwise cleared the merit cut-off in their categories. Justice Trivedi disagreed entirely, holding that settled precedent (e.g., Rekha Chaturvedi, Ashok Kumar Sharma) requires eligibility, including reserved-category status, to be judged as of the last date fixed for applications; since all appellants obtained their category certificates only after that date, and did not file the affidavits required by the State's own circulars to explain the delay, the High Court's rejection was legally correct, and she dismissed the appeals. Because of this direct conflict between the two judges on the same bench, the appeals could not be finally decided by them and were referred for listing before a different/larger bench by the CJI.

Lesson Learnt

When applying for a reserved-category government post, obtain and hold your caste/category/income certificate on or before the application deadline stated in the advertisement: a certificate obtained later, even if genuine, risks being treated as invalid for that recruitment, and courts can differ sharply on how strictly this rule should be enforced.

Official source (sci.gov.in)View Judgment (PDF)
Sakshi Arha & Ors. vs. The Rajasthan High Court & Ors. (C.A. No. 3957/2023, with connected appeals) – Legal Case Shots | LegalAware