Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreR.K.D.F. Medical College, run by the petitioner university, had repeatedly failed inspections by the Medical Council of India (MCI) for admitting successive batches of MBBS students, with earlier admissions reaching the Supreme Court multiple times through separate orders. When the College's most recent batch of admissions was also cancelled over inspection deficiencies, the College petitioned the Court, and the Court appointed a special committee (headed by a CBI officer with AIIMS doctors) to verify the College's claims.
The committee's investigation found that the College had fabricated patient and faculty records to project false compliance, including patients who could not be located or verified, a wiped hard disk withheld from investigators, and a false claim that faculty members were unavailable due to a police matter that the police denied ever existed. The Supreme Court held that the College had committed fraud on the Court itself to obtain favourable orders. It dismissed the writ petitions, barred the College from admissions for two academic years, imposed a Rs. 5 crore penalty, and directed prosecution of the College's Dean for perjury under Section 193 IPC, while ordering refunds and compensation for the displaced students who had been admitted in good faith.
Fabricating evidence to mislead a court, even an institution as significant as a medical college, can result in severe consequences: heavy financial penalties, criminal prosecution of responsible officials, and multi-year bans, regardless of any relief initially obtained through the deception.
