Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe petitioner, a retired government servant and CGHS (Central Government Health Scheme) cardholder, underwent emergency treatment at two non-empanelled private hospitals for a cardiac condition requiring a CRT-D implant and later for a cerebral stroke. His reimbursement claims were repeatedly rejected or drastically curtailed by the CGHS Standing Committee without a proper hearing or a reasoned order, leaving him unpaid for a large portion of his roughly Rs. 13.84 lakh medical bills.
The Supreme Court found that the petitioner had gone to a non-empanelled hospital out of genuine medical emergency with no real choice, and that CGHS, as the body responsible for the healthcare and wellbeing of pensioners, could not deny him reimbursement on that basis alone. It directed the government to pay the balance amount of Rs. 4,99,555 to the petitioner, clarifying this specific relief was confined to his case. Separately, troubled by the slow and harassing pace at which CGHS processes pensioners' medical reimbursement claims generally, the Court directed the Ministry to constitute a dedicated Secretary-level High-Powered Committee to meet monthly for quick disposal of such claims, and ordered that reimbursement claims be settled within one month of submission going forward.
Pensioners who are compelled by genuine medical emergency to seek treatment outside the CGHS-empanelled hospital network cannot be denied reimbursement on that ground alone, and courts can direct systemic administrative reforms (not just individual relief) where they find a pattern of bureaucratic delay harming a vulnerable group like senior citizens.
