Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreSita Ram challenged acquisition of land and buildings used for his fireworks factory, arguing that the retained land was needed for the licensed safety distance and that comparable industries had been released. The High Court rejected his challenge, but court orders preserved his possession while the appeal continued. He then sought lapse under section 24(2) of the 2013 land-acquisition law.
The Supreme Court allowed his application and quashed the acquisition proceedings for his land and buildings. The relevant award dated October 8, 2003 was more than five years old when the 2013 Act commenced, while he remained in possession and compensation had not been paid. The State acknowledged that his compensation was deposited in court only on April 9, 2014. Applying the Pune Municipal Corporation and Sree Balaji decisions then governing section 24(2), the Court held the acquisition had lapsed, without excluding the periods of interim protection. The operative relief rested on lapse rather than resolving the factory-exemption arguments.
Sita Ram obtained release from this acquisition under the interpretation applied in 2014, rather than a general exemption for fireworks factories. The lapse and court-stay rules relied on here were subsequently changed and should not be treated as current law.
