Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreSVS Educational and Social Trust ran a homeopathy college whose request to continue provisional affiliation for admitting BHMS students for 2016-17 was rejected by Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University for failing to fix inspection-flagged deficiencies. The Trust challenged this in the Madras High Court, which directed the University to let the Trust participate in counselling and admit students for 2017-18 even while the case was pending, and a Division Bench upheld that interim relief without giving reasons. The University appealed to the Supreme Court.
The Supreme Court held that the Trust never had the mandatory prior approval from the Central Government under Section 12A of the Homeopathy Central Council Act, 1973, for the relevant period, and the one-year affiliation consent earlier granted had lapsed, so the University was right to refuse continuance of provisional affiliation. The Court found the High Court erred in assuming the earlier approval remained valid without renewal, and in granting admission relief without first deciding whether the Trust actually held the required Central Government approval. It reiterated that courts should not pass interim orders allowing provisional student admissions pending litigation, since this risks students losing years of study if the case is ultimately lost. The High Court's order was set aside and the University's appeal was allowed.
Educational institutions must hold current, valid regulatory approvals (not just a one-time past approval) before each admission cycle, and courts are cautious about ordering provisional student admissions mid-litigation because of the harm to students if the institution later loses the case.
