Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe State of Haryana and others appealed against a High Court judgment that fixed the value of acquired land for compensation purposes. This batch of appeals (originally Special Leave Petitions) was connected to a larger group of similar land valuation matters, the lead case being Civil Appeal No. 12847 of 2017 and other connected matters arising from the same common High Court judgment.
The Supreme Court noted that in the related lead matters arising from the same common judgment, it had already set aside the High Court's judgment and sent those cases back to the High Court for fresh consideration. Since those remitted matters were still pending before the High Court, the Court condoned the delay, granted leave, and disposed of this batch of appeals in the same way: by setting aside the impugned judgment and remitting the matters to the High Court to be taken up along with the other connected matters. The appellants were directed to serve copies of the judgment and appeal memorandum on the respondents within four weeks, with no order as to costs.
When multiple appeals arise from one common High Court judgment, the Supreme Court often disposes of all the connected appeals the same way as the lead case to keep outcomes consistent, even where that means sending the matter back to the High Court for a fresh decision rather than deciding the compensation amount itself.
