Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1094
An older qualification must still satisfy the eligibility rules governing the appointment sought. Here, the certificate's early date did not secure reinstatement, and rejection of eligibility should not be confused with a conclusive finding that the certificate was forged.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1095
A party benefiting from a conditional stay must meet its deposit requirement or face enforcement. The additional ₹15 crore deposit secures the pending dispute; it does not settle the land's final compensation or amount to an immediate payment to the landowners.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1093
An alleged attempt to kill does not become a lesser offence simply because the victim avoided a fatal injury. Restoring this charge means the accusation must be tried; it does not establish that the accused is guilty.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1090
For the assessment in this case, assistance reducing ordinary manufacturing costs was taxable even though the government wanted to encourage industry. The purpose and actual operation of the particular subsidy mattered more than its general development label.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1091
Proof that someone caused a serious injury does not by itself prove the additional ingredients of robbery. A court can substitute a lesser offence supported by the evidence; the sentencing reduction here depended on Appa's particular circumstances.
Special Leave Petition (Civil) · 2026 INSC 1092
Someone challenging an election must ensure that the personal-presentation requirement is met and can be proved. Merely entering the court building does not establish compliance, and a filing defect can end the challenge before the election allegations are examined.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1088
An employee who retires on 30 June may be entitled to the increment that falls due on 1 July after completing a year of service. Authorities that delay paying the amounts due must pay interest after the deadline set by the court.
Civil Appeal · 2026 INSC 1089
Recruitment must follow the qualifications stated in the advertisement and the governing Recruitment Rules. A court will not override a merit-based eligibility decision made under those rules merely because the candidate concerned was higher in the written test.
Writ Petition (Criminal) · 2026:DHC:8797
A person who occupied property only because of employment has no independent right to remain once the employment and decree end. Even when a petition fails, courts can make practical arrangements to let a person recover personal belongings.
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Log in to see moreThe appellants, heirs of one A. Radhakrishnan, sought to evict a tenant (the respondent) from a property in Erode, Tamil Nadu, citing non-payment of rent and their own bona fide need for residence. After winning before the Rent Controller and the first appellate court, they lost when the Madras High Court, on a revision petition reinstated after review, set aside the eviction on two technical grounds: that a co-owner (the appellants' sister) had not been made a party, and that the tenancy was actually with the original owner's power-of-attorney agent rather than the owner himself.
The Supreme Court held that under settled precedent, it is not necessary to implead every co-owner in an eviction petition, and in any event the missing co-owner had later been added as a party. It also held that a power-of-attorney holder who signs a lease acts only on behalf of the principal (the actual owner) and personally acquires no rights, so the tenancy legally existed between the owner's heirs and the respondent, not between the agent and the respondent. Finding the High Court's revisional interference with the lower courts' concurrent factual findings (on rent default and bona fide need) unjustified, the Supreme Court reversed the High Court, restored the eviction order, and allowed the appeal with costs, giving the tenant three months to vacate on fulfilling certain conditions.
A landlord does not need to join every co-owner of a property in an eviction case, and a tenancy created by someone acting under a power of attorney legally binds the actual property owner, not the agent personally: courts should look past procedural technicalities to the real legal relationship between the parties.
