Real judgements, distilled
Court judgements broken down into the case type, how the decision played out, and the lesson worth remembering, with the full judgement available as a PDF.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1073
In circumstantial-evidence cases, forensic and DNA evidence must actually corroborate the alleged crime: a conviction cannot survive where the most crucial scientific evidence, on its own terms, points away from rather than toward the prosecution's theory.
Criminal Appeal · 2026 INSC 1074
A conviction based purely on circumstantial evidence requires every link in the chain, timeline, witness credibility, forensic matches, and motive, to be proven beyond reasonable doubt; gaps or suppressed evidence at any link entitle the accused to the benefit of the doubt, even in a serious case like a double murder.
Criminal Miscellaneous Case · 2026:DHC:8505
Courts will not quash a criminal case merely because the accused has a plausible alibi-type defence; unless that defence is conclusive and undisputed, the matter must be tested through the ordinary trial process.
Criminal Miscellaneous Case · 2026:DHC:8547
A private compromise between victim and accused cannot by itself secure quashing of a case involving serious, heinous allegations like attempted murder with a weapon: such matters must proceed to trial regardless of settlement.
First Appeal from Order · 2026:DHC:8563
Railway Claims Tribunals cannot reject a bona fide passenger's death claim based on speculative inferences when there is no direct evidence of an alternative cause of death; the compensation scheme under the Railways Act is to be interpreted generously in favour of victims' families.
Criminal Miscellaneous Case · 2026:DHC:8559
In matrimonial offences, courts can and do quash criminal proceedings once a genuine compromise is verified directly with the complainant, sparing both parties a prolonged and pointless trial.
Bail Application · 2026:DHC:8541
A co-accused's bail does not automatically extend to another accused where their actual roles in the offence differ materially; delay caused by one's own defence counsel cannot later be used as a ground for bail.
Execution Petition · 2026:DHC:8567
An arbitral award must be adequately stamped before a court can enforce it; courts give only a limited window to cure such defects, after which the award becomes legally unusable until the deficiency is fixed.
Arbitration Petition · 2026:DHC:8555
A genuine settlement reached through mediation renders a pending arbitration-related court petition moot, allowing parties to close out litigation quickly once they resolve their dispute privately.
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Legal Case Shots is a searchable database of Supreme Court of India judgments, each broken down into the case type, the court's key holding, and a practical lesson learnt, with the full judgment available as a PDF for citation or deeper reading.
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) had formed a prima facie view, under Section 26(1) of the Competition Act, 2002, that Uber's practices in the National Capital Region warranted investigation for possible abuse of dominant position, based on data showing Uber paying drivers far more in incentives than it earned from fares: losses that made no ordinary business sense except as a tool to eliminate competition. The National Company Law Appellate Tribunal upheld the CCI's direction for investigation, and Uber appealed that to the Supreme Court along with a connected appeal.
The Supreme Court examined the specific financial data relied upon by the CCI, showing Uber incurring a loss of about Rs. 204 per trip while paying drivers far above the fare collected, and held this was sufficient to make out a prima facie case of abuse of dominant position under Section 4 of the Competition Act. The Court explained that Section 4 requires both a "dominant position" in the relevant market and its "abuse" (such as predatory, below-cost pricing), and found that if Uber was indeed operating at a loss on fares while over-compensating drivers, this could affect competitors in Uber's favour, satisfying the threshold for investigation to proceed. The Court declined to interfere with the Tribunal's order and dismissed the appeals with no costs, directing the Director General to complete the investigation within six months.
At the prima facie stage, a competition regulator does not need to conclusively prove an antitrust violation: plausible financial evidence suggesting predatory, below-cost pricing aimed at eliminating rivals is enough to justify a formal investigation, and courts will be reluctant to shut down such investigations before they even begin.
